Photoshop CS All In One Desk Reference For Dummies. Wiley

by Barbara Obermeier

Create Eye-Catching Images for Print or The Web

A-I-O DESK REFERENCE
10 BOOKS IN 1

Photoshop CS AIO Desk Reference For Dummies

About the Author
Barbara Obermeier is principal of Obermeier Design, a graphic design studio in
Ventura, California. She’s the author of Photoshop Album For Dummies, coauthor
of Adobe Master Class: Illustrator Illuminated, Photoshop 7 For Dummies, and
Illustrator 10 For Dummies. She has contributed as coauthor, technical editor, or
layout designer for numerous books. Barb also teaches computer graphics at the
University of California, Santa Barbara, and at Ventura College.

Author’s Acknowledgments
I would like to thank my excellent project editor, Becky Huehls, who kept me and this
book on track; Bob Woerner, the world’s best Acquisitions Editor; Andy Cummings,
who gives Dummies a good name; David Busch, for his great contribution to the first
edition; David Herman, Technical Editor Extraordinaire; Barbara Terry, who made
everything I wrote sound better; and all the hard-working, dedicated production folks
at Wiley. A special thanks to Ted Padova, colleague, fellow author, and friend, who
always reminds me there is eventually an end to 40 chapters.


Introduction

There’s a reason why Photoshop is the world’s industry standard in image-editing software.

The depth and breadth of the program is unheralded. Photoshop immediately

sucks you in with its easy-to-use interface and powerful tools and commands. It is so feature

rich that you soon begin to lose track of time and start blowing off your commitments

just to try one more thing. And just when you think you’ve finally explored every nook and

cranny and mastered the program, you suddenly read a tip in a book or magazine that enlightens

you about something you didn’t know. Or even more likely, you stumble upon some great

effect while working on a late-night project. That’s the beauty of Photoshop. It’s the program

that just keeps giving.

The depth and breadth of Photoshop has downsides, too, of course. You must make a major

time commitment and invest much effort to master it — hence the large number of books written

on the program. Walk into your neighborhood bookstore or type Photoshop in the Search

field at any online bookseller’s site, and you’ll see a barrage of choices. Some books are general

reference books, some are targeted toward the novice user, and others focus on a specific

mission, such as color management or restoration and retouching.

About This Book

This book is written for the person who has a good grasp of using a computer and navigating

the operating system and at least a cursory knowledge of Photoshop. It is intended to be a

comprehensive reference book that you can read cover to cover or reach for when you’re

looking for specific information about a particular task.

Wherever I can, I sneak in a useful tip or an interesting technique to help you put Photoshop

to work for your project needs.

Numbered steps

When you see a sequence of triangles just before a section heading, you know that the section

you’re about to read contains a numbered sequence that shows you how to complete a specific

task. Steps appear in an easy-to-follow, two-column format, along with plenty of images to help you out.

If you see a black box around a step number, it indicates that a figure accompanies that step.

For example, if the 2 in Step 2 has a black box around it, a figure that follows corresponds with

that step. The figure itself will have a numbered callout referencing the step number.

Putting It Together

Sometimes, knowing how to use a tool doesn’t necessarily mean that you know what to do

with it. That’s why this book contains several exercises that help you make a connection

between the multiple Photoshop tools at your disposal and the very specific task you need to

accomplish. Want to get the red out of a subject’s eyes or create a collage? Just check out the

Putting-It-Together sections in Books III through X. These sections present info in easy-tofollow

numbered steps, in a hands-on style, building on what’s presented in the chapter so

that you can go to the next level, put concepts to work, and move on to the next task.

What’s in This Book

This book is broken down into minibooks, each covering a general topic. Each minibook contains

several chapters, each covering a more specific topic under the general one. Each chapter

is then divided into sections, and some of those sections have subsections. I’m sure you get the picture.

You can read the book from front to back, or you can dive right into the minibook or chapter

of your choice. Either way works just fine. Anytime a concept is mentioned that isn’t covered

in depth in that chapter, you find a cross-reference to another book and chapter where you

find all the details. If you’re looking for something specific, 

check out either the Table of Contents or the index.

The Cheat Sheet at the beginning of the book helps you remember all the shortcuts you’ll use

most often. Tear it out, tape it to your monitor, and don’t forget to say, “Thanks.” You’re very welcome.

And finally, I’ve got pictures. Lots of them. And many of these pictures have callouts that point

to specific steps or identify important concepts, buttons, tools, or options. With a program

like Photoshop, an image often speaks louder than words.

This book contains ten minibooks. 

The following sections offer a quick synopsis of what each book contains.

Book I: Photoshop Fundamentals

Ready to get your feet wet with the basics of Photoshop? Head to Book I. Here’s where you get

familiar with the Photoshop environment — the desktop, the menus, and the palettes. I also

briefly introduce the tools and explain what each one does.

In this book, I cover how to get started on Photoshop and how to view and navigate your

image window. Here’s also where I give you all the important details about the o’mighty File

Browser and also how to customize your workspace and preference settings.

Finally, I go into the bare basics of printing, and then how to save files and close Photoshop.

Book II: Image Essentials

This book covers all those nitpicky — but critical — details about images, such as size, resolution,

pixel dimension, image mode, and file format. Turn to this book to find out how to safely

resize your image without causing undue damage.

You can also find out how to crop images and increase their canvas size. In addition, I breeze

through basic color theory and get you started using and managing color.

But wait, there’s more. I give you the lowdown on the History palette and brushing and erasing

to history. And, if that’s not enough, I throw in a chapter on applying annotations and

notes to your image and using and creating actions for enhanced productivity.

Book III: Selections

This important book gives you all the juicy details and techniques on creating and modifying

selections and paths. You find out about each of the selection tools and also the powerful —

albeit sometimes unruly — Pen tool and its accompanying Paths palette.

Book IV: Painting, Drawing, and Typing

If you want to know about the drawing and painting tools, this is the book for you. Here I

cover the Brush and Pencil tools, along with the once again improved Brushes palette. I also

show you how to create vector shapes by using the shape tools, and how to fill and stroke selections.

Head to this book to find out how to create both gradients and patterns and, last but not least,

become familiar with the type tools and how to use them to create and edit both standard

type, type on and in a path, and type with special effects.

Book V: Working with Layers

Layers are an integral component in a Photoshop image, and Book V is where I explain them.

In this book, you discover how to create and edit layers and how to use multiple images to

create a multilayered composite image. I also introduce you to the various ways that you can

manage layers for maximum efficiency, including using the new Layer Comps palette. Finally, I

show you how to enhance your layers by applying different blend modes, opacity settings,

layer styles, styles, and clipping groups.

Book VI: Channels and Masks

This book gives you all the how-tos you need to work with channels and masks. I show you

how to save and edit selections as alpha channels so that you can reload them later. And I

show you how to work with the various kinds of masks — quick masks, layer masks, and

channel masks — and how you can use each to select difficult elements. I also cover other

masking techniques, such as erasing and using the Color Range command.

Book VII: Filters and Distortions

I filled this book with tons of handy tips and techniques on using filters to correct your images

to make them sharper, blurrier, cleaner, and smoother — whatever fits your fancy. You also

find out how to use filters to give your image a certain special effect, such as a deckled edge

or water droplets. Then I introduce the Liquify command so that you can see the wonder of its

distortion tools — and how they can turn your image into digital taffy.

Book VIII: Retouching and Restoration

Everything you need to know about color correction or color enhancement can be found in

Book VIII — getting rid of colorcasts,  improving contrast and saturation, 

remapping, and replacing colors.

In addition, I included a chapter on using the focus and toning tools to manually lighten,

darken, smooth, soften, and sharpen areas of your image. You get to see how you can use the

Clone Stamp tool, and the Healing Brush and Patch tools to fix flaws and imperfections in your

images, making them good as new. And finally, I introduce you to the new Color Replacement

tool and show you how to replace your image’s original color with the foreground color.

Book IX: Photoshop and the Web

This book gives you the lowdown on preparing your images for the Web. Find out how to optimize

your images for maximum quality and quick download times. You also find information

on slicing your images and creating a photo gallery that you can easily post on the Web. I

show you where Photoshop comes to an end with its Web-friendly tools and where

ImageReady then picks up the ball.

Book X: Photoshop and Print

If you need to get the scoop on how to prep your images for print, this is the book you need to

check out. Here you find the details on how to get the right resolution, image mode, and file

format for various applications. You also discover how to set up both process and spot color

separations. If you also work with other programs, I provide a chapter on how Photoshop

plays nicely with other programs. And, for good measure, I throw in a chapter on how to

create contact sheets and picture packages from your digital masterpieces.

Conventions Used in This Book 5

Appendix A: Working with Digital Cameras and Scanners

If you own either a digital camera or a scanner, be sure to take a gander at Appendix A. You

find lots of juicy tidbits on prepping your images for scanning and then cleaning them up

afterward. I also include some useful information on getting images from your camera into Photoshop.

Appendix B: A Visual Reference of Photoshop Tools

If you’re like me, you’re probably reeling from all the tools and options. Which one does what?

How do you know which to choose? Check out Appendix B for a visual reference that shows

you each of the tools — as well as what the tools do. How’s that for handy?

Color Insert

Trying to illustrate the powers of Photoshop without showing some images in full, living color

is about as useful as if I handed you a broken umbrella on a rainy day. The 16-page color insert

does just that, so don’t miss it.

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File Type	PDF format
ISBN	0-7645-4239-7
Copyright	2004 by Wiley Publishing, Inc

Contents at a Glance
Introduction
Book I: Photoshop Fundamentals
Chapter 1: Examining the Photoshop Environment
Chapter 2: Getting to Know the Tools Palette
Chapter 3: Getting Started and Finishing Up
Chapter 4: Getting It on Paper
Chapter 5: Viewing and Navigating Images
Chapter 6: Customizing Your Workspace and Preferences
Book II: Image Essentials
Chapter 1: Specifying Size and Resolution
Chapter 2: Choosing Color Modes and File Formats
Chapter 3: Using and Managing Color
Chapter 4: Time Travel — Undoing in Photoshop
Chapter 5: Applying Annotations and Notes
Chapter 6: Creating Actions for Productivity and Fun
Book III: Selections
Chapter 1: Making Selections
Chapter 2: Creating and Working with Paths
Chapter 3: Modifying and Transforming Selections and Paths
Book IV: Painting, Drawing, and Typing
Chapter 1: Exploring with the Painting Tools
Chapter 2: Creating Vector Shapes
Chapter 3: Filling and Stroking
Chapter 4: Creating and Editing Type
Chapter 5: Masking, Shaping, and Warping Type
Book V: Working with Layers
Chapter 1: Creating Layers
Chapter 2: Managing Layers
Chapter 3: Playing with Opacity and Blend Modes
Chapter 4: Getting Jazzy with Layer Styles and Clipping Groups
Book VI: Channels and Masks
Chapter 1: Using Channels
Chapter 2: Quick and Dirty Masking
Chapter 3: Getting Exact with Advanced Masking Techniques
Book VII: Filters and Distortions
Chapter 1: Making Corrections with Daily Filters
Chapter 2: Applying Filters for Special Occasions
Chapter 3: Distorting with the Liquify Command
Book VIII: Retouching and Restoration 
Chapter 1: Enhancing Images with Adjustments
Chapter 2: Repairing with the Focus and Toning Tools
Chapter 3: Fixing Flaws and Imperfections
Book IX: Photoshop and the Web
Chapter 1: Prepping Web Graphics
Chapter 2: Optimizing Images with Save for Web
Chapter 3: Slicing Your Image
Chapter 4: Creating a Web Photo Gallery 
Chapter 5: Looking to ImageReady
Book X: Photoshop and Print
Chapter 1: Working with Other Programs
Chapter 2: Prepping Graphics for Print
Chapter 3: Creating Contact Sheets, Picture Packages, and More
Appendix A: Working with Digital Cameras and Scanners
Appendix B: A Visual Reference of Photoshop Tools
Index


Table of Contents

Introduction .....

About This Book .....

Numbered steps ..............

Putting It Together ..................

What’s in This Book .........................

Book I: Photoshop Fundamentals ............

Book II: Image Essentials ...............

Book III: Selections ............

Book IV: Painting, Drawing, and Typing ..

Book V: Working with Layers ...........

Book VI: Channels and Masks .....

Book VII: Filters and Distortions .........

Book VIII: Retouching and Restoration .......

Book IX: Photoshop and the Web .......

Book X: Photoshop and Print ......

Appendix A: Working with Digital Cameras and Scanners ...

Appendix B: A Visual Reference of Photoshop Tools ......

Color Insert ..................................................

Conventions Used in This Book .............

Icons Used in This Book ..............

Where to Go from Here .......

Book I: Photoshop Fundamentals...................7

Chapter 1: Examining the Photoshop Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Getting a Warm Welcome .......................................................................................9

Launching Photoshop and Customizing the Desktop .....................................10

Setting display settings with the Window menu .....................................12

Setting up the status bar ............................................................................14

Dissecting Dialog Box Jargon ..............................................................................15

Playing with Palettes ............................................................................................16

Working with Your First Photoshop File ............................................................18

Opening and saving files ............................................................................18

Making selections .......................................................................................20

Making simple image edits ........................................................................21

Making changes by using the Image menu ..............................................22

Creating layers ............................................................................................23

Applying filters ............................................................................................24

Simplifying your edits with the Options bar ...........................................26

Proofing and finalizing the image .............................................................27

Accessing Help When You Need It .....................................................................28

Chapter 2: Getting to Know the Tools Palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Turning On the Tools Palette ..............................................................................31

Selecting tools .............................................................................................31

Getting to know your tools ........................................................................33

Introducing the Photoshop Tools ......................................................................34

Using selection tools ..................................................................................34

Creating and modifying paths ...................................................................36

Using painting tools ....................................................................................38

Using tools for cloning and retouching ....................................................39

Creating effects with typographical tools ...............................................41

Using focus and toning tools .....................................................................42

Creating shapes ..........................................................................................44

Viewing, navigating, sampling, and annotating tools .............................45

Using tools for the Web ..............................................................................47

Saving Time with Tool Presets ............................................................................48

Creating custom tool presets ....................................................................48

Managing your presets ...............................................................................49

Chapter 3: Getting Started and Finishing Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Browsing for Files .................................................................................................51

Opening an Image .................................................................................................52

Opening special files ..................................................................................54

Opening a Photo CD image ........................................................................55

Placing Files ...........................................................................................................56

Creating a New Image ...........................................................................................58

Saving a File ...........................................................................................................60

Applying Digital Copyrights ................................................................................62

Closing and Quitting .............................................................................................63

Chapter 4: Getting It on Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Taking a Look at Printers .....................................................................................65

Printing an Image ..................................................................................................66

Page Setup in Microsoft Windows ............................................................67

Page Setup in the Mac OS ..........................................................................67

Setting Printing Options ......................................................................................68

Chapter 5: Viewing and Navigating Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73

Looking at the Image Window .............................................................................73

Zooming In and Out of Image Windows .............................................................75

Zooming tricks ............................................................................................77

Handling the Hand tool ..............................................................................77

Cruising with the Navigator Palette ...................................................................78

Choosing a Screen Mode .....................................................................................79

Getting Precise Layout Results ...........................................................................81

Creating guides ...........................................................................................81

Using guides ................................................................................................83

Using grids ...................................................................................................83

Measuring On-Screen ...........................................................................................84

Using the Info Palette ...........................................................................................86

Working with Extras .............................................................................................87

Managing Images with the File Browser ............................................................88

Brief Anatomy of the File Browser ............................................................89

Configuring the File Browser Window .....................................................90

Using the menu bar and buttons ..............................................................90

Working with Metadata ..............................................................................95

Using Keywords ..........................................................................................97

Chapter 6: Customizing Your Workspace and Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Creating Workspace Presets ...............................................................................99

Saving and Deleting Presets ..............................................................................100

Setting Your Preferences ...................................................................................100

Setting general preferences .....................................................................101

Deciding how you want files handled ....................................................104

Adjusting your display and cursors .......................................................106

Adjusting transparency and gamut ........................................................107

Setting measurement preferences ..........................................................108

Setting up guides, grids, and slices ........................................................109

Plug-Ins and Scratch Disks ................................................................................111

Plug-ins .......................................................................................................111

Scratch disks .............................................................................................112

Changing Memory and Cache Settings ............................................................112

Managing memory ....................................................................................113

Setting aside memory for storing screen images .................................113

Setting File Browser Preferences ......................................................................114

Using the Preset Manager ..................................................................................114

Customizing Keyboard Shortcuts ....................................................................115

Book II: Image Essentials ..................117

Chapter 1: Specifying Size and Resolution . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . .119

Putting Images under the Microscope .............................................................119

Vector images ............................................................................................120

Raster images ............................................................................................121

Viewing Raster Images On-Screen ....................................................................122

Using the Image Size Command ........................................................................124

Resampling Images .............................................................................................126

Adding pixels to an image .......................................................................127

Taking pixels out of an image ..................................................................128

Resizing Images with the Resize Image Wizard ..............................................130

Changing the Canvas Size ..................................................................................130

Cropping an Image .............................................................................................132

Using the Crop tool ...................................................................................133

Cropping with the Marquee tool .............................................................135

Using the Trim command ........................................................................135

Using the Crop and Straighten Photo Command ..................................137

Chapter 2: Choosing Color Modes and File Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

Understanding Color Theory ............................................................................139

Knowing RGB basics .................................................................................139

Knowing CMYK basics .............................................................................140

Selecting a Color Mode in Photoshop .............................................................141

RGB Color ..................................................................................................141

CMYK Color ...............................................................................................142

Grayscale ...................................................................................................142

Monotone, Duotone, Tritone, and Quadtone ........................................142

Indexed Color ............................................................................................143

Lab Color ...................................................................................................143

Bitmap ........................................................................................................143

Multichannel ..............................................................................................145

Converting to a Different Color Mode ..............................................................145

Converting from RGB to CMYK ...............................................................145

Converting to Grayscale ..........................................................................146

Converting to Indexed Color .............................................................................147

Using the Conditional Mode Change Command .............................................147

Choosing the Right File Format ........................................................................148

TIFF .............................................................................................................148

JPEG ............................................................................................................151

JPEG 2000 ...................................................................................................151

GIF ...............................................................................................................152

EPS ..............................................................................................................152

PDF: The Universal Donor .......................................................................153

Photoshop .................................................................................................155

Photoshop Raw .........................................................................................155

Camera Raw ...............................................................................................156

PICT ............................................................................................................157

BMP ............................................................................................................158

Large Document Format (PSB) ...............................................................158

The others .................................................................................................158

Chapter 3: Using and Managing Color . . . .. . . . . . . . .161

Dealing with Foreground and Background Colors .........................................161

Defining Color .....................................................................................................163

Poking around the Color Picker ..............................................................163

Mixing with the Color palette ..................................................................164

Grabbing color from the Swatches palette ............................................167

Lifting and sampling color ......................................................................168

Using the Color Sampler tool to measure color ...................................169

Color Management Essentials ...........................................................................171

Setting up your work environment .........................................................172

Calibrating your monitor .........................................................................173

Establishing Your Settings .................................................................................175

Handling Photoshop’s predefined settings ...........................................176

Indicating your working spaces ..............................................................177

After You Define Your Settings ..........................................................................179

Setting Color Management Policies .................................................................180

Getting Consistent Color Among Adobe Applications ..................................183

Reassigning, Removing, or Converting Color Profiles ...................................184

Soft Proofing Colors ...........................................................................................185

Chapter 4: Time Travel — Undoing in Photoshop . . . . . . . . .187

Undoing What’s Done .........................................................................................187

Using the Undo command .......................................................................187

Reverting to what’s saved .......................................................................188

Working with the Almighty History Palette ....................................................189

Understanding states and snapshots .....................................................189

Changing the default number of steps that

the History palette displays ................................................................189

Introducing History palette options and tools .....................................190

Viewing an Image’s Various States ...................................................................191

Going back to a particular state .............................................................191

Reviewing your image at different states ..............................................191

Removing a state ......................................................................................191

Clearing all states .....................................................................................191

Navigating the history list .......................................................................192

Looking at the History Options Dialog Box .....................................................192

Taking Snapshots ................................................................................................193

Restoring Part of an Image ................................................................................194

Using the Eraser with the Erase to History option ..............................195

Using the History Brush tool ...................................................................195

Using the Fill to History feature ..............................................................196

Using the Art History Brush tool ............................................................197

Chapter 5: Applying Annotations and Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199

Having Your Say with Notes and Audio Annotations .....................................199

Creating a text annotation .......................................................................200

Creating an audio note .............................................................................201

Importing and Exporting PDF Files with Annotations ...................................202

Chapter 6: Creating Actions for Productivity and Fun . . . . . . . . . .203

Using the Actions Palette ..................................................................................203

Getting to know List mode ......................................................................204

Examining an action in List mode ...........................................................205

Introducing Preset Actions ................................................................................206

Preset action options ...............................................................................207

Loading preset actions .............................................................................207

Playing a preset action .............................................................................208

Creating a New Action .......................................................................................208

Editing and Managing Actions ..........................................................................209

Re-recording an action .............................................................................210

Editing an action .......................................................................................211

Saving actions ...........................................................................................211

Batch Processing Actions ..................................................................................212

Creating Droplets ................................................................................................215

Book III: Selections....................217

Chapter 1: Making Selections . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219

Defining Selections .............................................................................................219

Marqueeing When You Can ...............................................................................220

Using the Rectangular Marquee tool ......................................................220

Using the Elliptical Marquee tool ...........................................................221

Using the Single Column and Single Row Marquee tools ....................222

Using the marquee options .....................................................................223

Lassoing When You Can’t ..................................................................................226

Selecting straight sides with the Polygon Lasso tool ..........................229

Attracting with the Magnetic Lasso tool ...............................................230

Adjusting the Magnetic Lasso options ...................................................231

Performing Wand Wizardry ...............................................................................233

Selecting with the Magic Wand tool .......................................................233

Setting your Tolerance .............................................................................234

Using the Magic Wand Options bar ........................................................236

Chapter 2: Creating and Working with Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237

Introducing Paths ...............................................................................................237

Creating a Path with the Pen Tool ....................................................................239

Knowing your Pen tool options ..............................................................239

Creating your first work path ..................................................................239

Drawing curves .........................................................................................241

Connecting a straight segment to a curve segment .............................243

Connecting curve segments with cusp points ......................................244

Closing a path ............................................................................................245

Creating subpaths .....................................................................................245

Working with the Paths Palette ........................................................................246

Creating a path ..........................................................................................247

Creating a new path ..................................................................................247

Saving a work path ...................................................................................247

Deleting, duplicating, and renaming a path ..........................................247

Stroking a path ..........................................................................................248

Filling a path ..............................................................................................248

Loading Paths as Selections ..............................................................................249

Making a Selection into a Path ..........................................................................251

Using the Kinder Freeform Pen .........................................................................251

Curve Fit .....................................................................................................252

Magnetic ....................................................................................................253

Width, Contrast, Frequency, and Pen Pressure ....................................253

Creating Paths without the Pen ........................................................................253

Editing Paths .......................................................................................................255

Using the Options Bar ........................................................................................258

Clipping Out the Unwanted ...............................................................................259

Chapter 3: Modifying and Transforming Selections and Paths . . . . . . .261

Achieving Selection Perfection .........................................................................261

Adding to a selection ................................................................................262

Subtracting from a selection ...................................................................263

Intersecting two selections .....................................................................264

Getting the Keys to Behave ...............................................................................265

Adding a perfectly square or circular selection ...................................266

Deleting from an existing selection while drawing from

the center out ........................................................................................266

Using the Select Menu ........................................................................................267

Selecting All or Nothing .....................................................................................268

Reselecting a selection .............................................................................268

Swapping a selection ................................................................................268

Feathering a selection ..............................................................................269

Using the Modify commands ...................................................................270

Applying the Grow and Similar commands ...........................................272

Moving and Cloning Selections .........................................................................273

Cloning .......................................................................................................274

Moving the selection outline, but not the pixels ..................................274

Transforming Pixels ...........................................................................................274

Transforming Selection Marquees ...................................................................277

Transforming Paths ............................................................................................278

All paths .....................................................................................................278

Single path .................................................................................................278

Part of a path .............................................................................................279

Putting It Together: Removing a Person

(Without Getting in Trouble with the Law) .................................................280

Book IV: Painting, Drawing, and Typing ..........................283

Chapter 1: Exploring with the Painting Tools . . . . . . . . . . .285

Discovering the Brush Tool ...............................................................................285

Introducing the Pencil and Brush Tools ..........................................................286

Finding out what the Pencil tool does ...................................................286

Using the Pencil tool ................................................................................288

Painting with the Brush tool ...................................................................289

Working with the Brushes Palette ....................................................................290

Choosing a Brush Tip Shape .............................................................................292

Putting It Together: Colorizing Black-and-White Images ..............................294

Creating Your Own Brush Preset ......................................................................297

Putting It Together: A Fast Way to Colorize Skin ...........................................299

Saving a New Brush Tip .....................................................................................300

Using the Preset Brushes ..................................................................................300

Managing Preset Brushes ..................................................................................302

Putting It Together: Getting the Red Out Without Eyedrops .......................304

Chapter 2: Creating Vector Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . .307

Pixel and Vector Basics ......................................................................................307

Making Basic Shapes ..........................................................................................309

Choosing a preset shape to create .........................................................309

Choosing a shape mode ...........................................................................310

Drawing a preset shape ...........................................................................310

Drawing multiple shapes in a shapes layer ...........................................311

Setting Geometry Options .................................................................................312

Rectangular shape geometry options ....................................................312

Elliptical shape geometry options ..........................................................313

Polygon shape geometry options ...........................................................313

Line geometry options .............................................................................314

Creating Custom Shapes ....................................................................................315

Using preset custom shapes ...................................................................315

Creating your own custom shape ...........................................................316

Using vector masks ..................................................................................317

Manipulating Shapes ..........................................................................................318

Chapter 3: Filling and Stroking . . . . .  . . . . . . . .319

Filling a Selection with the Foreground or Background Color ......................320

Filling Options and Tips .....................................................................................321

Pouring with the Paint Bucket Tool .................................................................322

Stroking a Selection ............................................................................................323

Knowing Your Stroking Options .......................................................................324

Filling and Stroking Paths ..................................................................................324

Filling a path ..............................................................................................324

Stroking a path ..........................................................................................325

Working with Gradients .....................................................................................327

Applying a preset gradient to a selection ..............................................328

Creating and editing gradients ................................................................329

Adding transparency to a gradient .........................................................332

Managing and Saving Gradients .......................................................................333

Working with Patterns .......................................................................................333

Applying a preset pattern ........................................................................334

Creating a new pattern .............................................................................335

Using the Pattern Maker filter .................................................................335

Generating a pattern ................................................................................337

Chapter 4: Creating and Editing Type . . . . . . . . . . .339

Selecting a Type Mode .......................................................................................339

Understanding Different Kinds of Type ...........................................................340

Exploring the Type Tools ..................................................................................341

Entering Text in Point Type Mode ....................................................................341

Entering Text in Paragraph Type Mode ...........................................................343

Creating Type on or in a Path ...........................................................................344

Using the Options Bar ........................................................................................345

Working with the Character Palette .................................................................346

Leading .......................................................................................................347

Tracking .....................................................................................................348

Kerning .......................................................................................................348

Vertical and Horizontal scale ..................................................................348

Baseline shift and text attributes ...........................................................349

Working with the Paragraph Palette ................................................................351

Changing paragraph alignment ...............................................................351

Changing paragraph justification ...........................................................352

Changing paragraph indentation ............................................................352

Changing spacing between paragraphs .................................................352

Breaking long words across two lines ....................................................352

Editing Text .........................................................................................................353

Finding and replacing text .......................................................................353

Checking your spelling .............................................................................354

Chapter 5: Masking, Shaping, and Warping Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355

Playing with Type Layer Opacity .....................................................................355

Creating Fade Effects .........................................................................................357

Putting It Together: Ghosting Your Type ........................................................358

Creating Type Outlines ......................................................................................361

Rasterizing Your Type Layer .............................................................................362

Transforming Type into Vector Shapes and Paths .........................................362

Wreaking Havoc on Your Type ..........................................................................364

Putting It Together: Carving Your Type in Stone ...........................................365

Book V: Working with Layers............369

Chapter 1: Creating Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .371

Getting to Know the Layers Palette .................................................................371

Looking at the Background and Layers ...........................................................373

Introducing Different Types of Layers .............................................................375

Using plain-vanilla layers .........................................................................375

Using adjustment layers ..........................................................................376

Taking advantage of fill layers .................................................................378

Making use of shape layers .....................................................................380

Using type layers ......................................................................................381

Making Layers .....................................................................................................382

Creating a new layer .................................................................................382

Using Layer via Copy and Layer via Cut ................................................383

Duplicating layers .....................................................................................384

Compositing with Multiple Images ...................................................................384

Copying and pasting images ...................................................................385

Dragging and dropping layers .................................................................385

Using the Paste Into command ...............................................................386

Transforming Layers ..........................................................................................386

Putting It Together: Creating Layers and Using the

Paste Into Command to Make a Collage ......................................................388

Chapter 2: Managing Layers . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .393

Viewing and Hiding Layers ................................................................................393

Rearranging Layers ............................................................................................394

Moving Layer Elements .....................................................................................395

Putting It Together: Transforming and Moving Layers in a Collage ...........396

Aligning and Distributing Layers ......................................................................400

Linking Layers .....................................................................................................402

Putting It Together: Linking Layers in a Collage and

Adjusting Their Size .......................................................................................403

Locking Layers ....................................................................................................404

Color-Coding Layers ...........................................................................................405

Creating Layer Sets ............................................................................................405

Flattening and Merging Layers .........................................................................406

Merging layers ...........................................................................................407

Stamping layers .........................................................................................408

Flattening layers .......................................................................................409

Putting It Together: Checking Your Collage for Flaws and

Consolidating Layers ......................................................................................410

Working with the Layer Comps Palette ...........................................................412

Chapter 3: Playing with Opacity and Blend Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .417

Adjusting Layer Opacity ....................................................................................417

Adjusting the Fill Opacity ..................................................................................419

Creating Effects with Blend Modes ..................................................................419

General blend modes ...............................................................................420

Blend modes that darken ........................................................................421

Blend modes that lighten .........................................................................422

Lighting blend modes ...............................................................................423

Blend modes that invert ..........................................................................425

HSL color model blend modes ................................................................425

Working with the Advanced Blending Options ...............................................426

Advanced options to blend with ............................................................427

Blend If options .........................................................................................428

Putting It Together: Fine-tuning and Adjusting Opacity Settings

in Your Collage ................................................................................................430

Chapter 4: Getting Jazzy with Layer Styles and Clipping Groups . . . . .433

Layer Styles Basics .............................................................................................433

Introducing Layer Styles ....................................................................................434

Shadows .....................................................................................................434

Glow effects ...............................................................................................435

Beveled, embossed, and satiny looks ....................................................435

Overlays and Stroke .................................................................................436

Applying a Layer Effect ......................................................................................437

Managing and Editing Layer Styles ..................................................................438

Managing layer styles ...............................................................................438

Editing drop shadow or inner shadow effects ......................................439

Changing default inner and outer glow effects .....................................441

Editing Bevel and Emboss Effects ....................................................................442

Structure ....................................................................................................442

Shading .......................................................................................................442

Texture .......................................................................................................442

Contour ......................................................................................................443

Editing Satin Effects ...........................................................................................443

Changing Overlay Effects ..................................................................................443

Changing Stroke Effects .....................................................................................444

Playing with Contours ........................................................................................445

Adjusting contour settings ......................................................................446

Modifying contours with the Contour Editor ........................................447

Applying and Modifying Preset Styles .............................................................447

Managing preset styles ............................................................................449

Creating your own style ...........................................................................450

Clipping Layers into Groups .............................................................................451

Putting It Together: Adding Text and Layer Styles to a Collage ..................453

Book VI: Channels and Masks .....................457

Chapter 1: Using Channels . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . .459

Understanding Channels ...................................................................................459

Working with Channels ......................................................................................462

Viewing channels without a remote .......................................................462

Changing the default channel view ........................................................462

Duplicating and deleting channels .........................................................463

Rearranging and renaming channels ......................................................465

Splitting channels .....................................................................................465

Merging channels ......................................................................................466

Using Painting and Editing Tools with Channels ............................................468

Using Alpha Channels ........................................................................................469

Modifying an alpha channel’s options ...................................................469

Saving a selection as an alpha channel ..................................................469

Alpha channel tips and tricks .................................................................471

Loading an alpha channel ........................................................................471

Using the Channel Mixer ...................................................................................472

Putting It Together: Giving Flat Art Highlights and Shadows ......................473

Chapter 2: Quick and Dirty Masking . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .479

Working with Quick Masks ................................................................................480

Using the Color Range Command .....................................................................483

Color Range basics ...................................................................................483

Executing the Color Range command ....................................................483

Selective Erasing with the Eraser Tools ..........................................................485

The Eraser tool .........................................................................................485

The Magic Eraser tool ..............................................................................486

The Background Eraser tool ...................................................................488

Extracting an Image ............................................................................................489

Putting It Together: Framing a Photo with Quick Mask ................................492

Chapter 3: Getting Exact with Advanced Masking Techniques . . . . . . .497

Working with Layer Masks ................................................................................497

Creating layer masks ................................................................................498

Using the Gradient and Brush tools on a Layer Mask ..........................498

Managing layer masks ..............................................................................500

Putting It Together: Making a Photo Gradually Fade from

Color to Grayscale ..........................................................................................501

Creating and Editing Vector Masks ..................................................................504

Adding a vector mask to a layer .............................................................504

Managing vector masks ...........................................................................504

Creating Channel Masks ....................................................................................506

Putting It Together: Masking Hair, Fur, and Other Wispy Things ................508

Book VII: Filters and Distortions ...............513

Chapter 1: Making Corrections with Daily Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .515

You Say You Want a Convolution? ....................................................................515

Corrective and destructive filters ..........................................................516

Filter basics ...............................................................................................516

Using Filters ........................................................................................................517

Sharpening What’s Soft ......................................................................................518

Sharpen ......................................................................................................518

Sharpen More ............................................................................................519

Sharpen Edges ...........................................................................................519

Unsharp Mask ...........................................................................................519

Blurring What’s Sharp ........................................................................................521

Smoothing with the Facet and Median Filters ................................................523

The Facet filter ..........................................................................................523

The Median filter ......................................................................................524

Putting It Together: Creating an Angelic Glow ...............................................526

Applying a Filter Again .......................................................................................527

Fading a Filter .....................................................................................................528

Selectively Applying a Filter ..............................................................................529

Putting It Together: Sprucing Up a Scanned Halftone ..................................529

Chapter 2: Applying Filters for Special Occasions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .533

Working in the Filter Gallery .............................................................................534

Getting Artsy .......................................................................................................535

Stroking Your Image with Filters ......................................................................538

Putting It Together: Creating Exotic Edges for Your Images ........................539

Distorting for Fun ...............................................................................................542

Pumping Up the Noise .......................................................................................544

Pumping Down the Noise ..................................................................................544

Putting It Together: Making Your Own Background Textures .....................545

Breaking Your Image into Pieces ......................................................................549

Rendering ............................................................................................................549

Using the Clouds filter ..............................................................................549

Creating fibers ...........................................................................................550

Using other rendering filters ...................................................................551

Putting It Together: Creating Snow and Rain .................................................551

Getting Organic with the Sketch Filters ...........................................................556

Putting It Together: Adding Water Droplets and Other Wet Effects ...........558

Adding Texture ...................................................................................................562

Introducing the Texturizer ................................................................................563

Looking at the Other Filters ..............................................................................563

Putting It Together: Getting Rid of Video Scan Lines ....................................565

Chapter 3: Distorting with the Liquify Command . . . .. . . . . . . . .567

Exploring the Liquify Window ..........................................................................567

The painting tools .....................................................................................568

The other tools .........................................................................................569

The Options Areas ..............................................................................................570

Transforming an Image ......................................................................................572

Mastering Freezing and Thawing ......................................................................575

Reconstructing an Image ...................................................................................576

Extending and Cloning Distortions ..................................................................576

Reconstruct modes ..................................................................................577

More Reconstruction modes ...................................................................577

Using Displace, Amplitwist, and Affine ..................................................578

Book VIII: Retouching and Restoration ............579

Chapter 1: Enhancing Images with Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .581

Introducing the Histogram Palette ...................................................................581

Using the Histogram palette ...................................................................583

Understanding the histogram statistics ................................................585

Choosing Automatic Color Correctors ............................................................586

Auto Levels ................................................................................................586

Auto Color .................................................................................................586

Auto Contrast ............................................................................................587

Setting Auto Color Correction Options ...........................................................587

Understanding your Auto Correction options ......................................587

Using Simple Color Correctors .........................................................................589

Avoiding Brightness/Contrast .................................................................589

Tweaking with the Color Balance controls ............................................590

Fixing Exposure with Shadow/Highlight ..........................................................592

Correcting Color Cast with Variations .............................................................594

Putting It Together: Correcting Tinted, Faded Photos .................................595

Washing Out Color with Desaturate .................................................................599

Working with Professional Color Correctors ..................................................599

Leveling for better contrast ....................................................................599

Setting black and white points manually ...............................................600

Adjusting curves for hard-to-correct photos ........................................601

Getting colorful with Hue/Saturation .....................................................603

Using the Colorize option ........................................................................605

Putting It Together: Making a New Photo Look Old ......................................605

Matching Color Between Documents ..............................................................608

Switching Colors with Replace Color ...............................................................610

Increasing and Decreasing Color ......................................................................611

Using the Selective Color command ......................................................612

Using gradient maps .................................................................................612

Adding color with photo filters ...............................................................613

Playing with the color mappers ..............................................................614

Putting It Together: Cleaning Up a Line Art Scan ..........................................616

Chapter 2: Repairing with the Focus and Toning Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . .619

Lighten and Darken with Dodge and Burn Tools ............................................619

Using Dodging and Burning ...............................................................................620

Turning Down the Color with the Sponge Tool ..............................................621

Applying the Sponge Tool .................................................................................622

Smoothing with the Smudge Tool ....................................................................622

Applying a Smudge .............................................................................................623

Softening with the Blur Tool .............................................................................624

Cranking Up the Focus with the Sharpen Tool ...............................................626

Sharpening an Image (With Care) .....................................................................626

Putting It Together: Fixing an Underexposed Foreground ...........................627

Chapter 3: Fixing Flaws and Imperfections . . . . . . . . . . . . .631

Cloning with the Clone Stamp Tool ..................................................................631

Using the Clone Stamp tool .....................................................................632

Tips for excellent cloning results ...........................................................634

Digital Bandaging with the Healing Brush Tool ..............................................634

Putting It Together: Resurfacing Wrinkles and Sags .....................................635

Patching without Seams ....................................................................................638

Putting It Together: Repairing Scratches and Cracks ...................................638

Colorizing with the Color Replacement Tool ..................................................641

Replacing Color with the Color Replacement Tool ........................................641

Book IX: Photoshop and the Web............643

Chapter 1: Prepping Web Graphics . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .645

Understanding Resolution .................................................................................645

Picking a resolution (and sticking with it) .............................................646

Dealing with differences in monitors .....................................................646

Understanding Color Modes .............................................................................647

Understanding File Formats ..............................................................................647

Introducing GIF ..........................................................................................648

Introducing JPEG ......................................................................................650

The new JPEG 2000 ...................................................................................653

Understanding PNG ............................................................................................655

Using a Web-Safe Palette and Hexadecimal Colors ........................................656

Selecting individual Web-safe colors ......................................................657

So what are hexadecimal colors? ...........................................................657

Keeping Color Consistent in Web Images ........................................................658

Making Type Look Good On-Screen .................................................................658

Anti-aliasing ...............................................................................................659

Fractional width/system layout ..............................................................659

Faux styles .................................................................................................660

Chapter 2: Optimizing Images with Save for Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .661

Quality or Loading Time ....................................................................................661

Exploring the Save for Web Dialog Box ...........................................................662

Tools palette and image preview ............................................................662

Change settings .........................................................................................664

Introducing Preview options ...................................................................664

Optimizing Your Image ......................................................................................665

JPEG Options .............................................................................................665

GIF Options ................................................................................................668

PNG Options ..............................................................................................671

Image Size ..................................................................................................672

Optimizing Colors .....................................................................................673

Chapter 3: Slicing Your Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .675

Why Slice? ...........................................................................................................675

Slicing Up Images ................................................................................................676

Types of slices ...........................................................................................676

Creating slices ...........................................................................................677

Slicing options ...........................................................................................678

Selecting and Modifying Slices .........................................................................679

Showing/hiding slices and slice numbers .............................................679

Changing the color of the lines ...............................................................679

Selecting slices ..........................................................................................679

Resizing and moving slices ......................................................................680

Dividing a slice ..........................................................................................681

Stacking slices ...........................................................................................681

Setting Slice Options ..........................................................................................682

Saving Your Slices ...............................................................................................683

Putting It Together: Creating a Splash Page Mockup ....................................684

Chapter 4: Creating a Web Photo Gallery . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .691

Planning Your Page .............................................................................................691

Cooking Up a Web Gallery .................................................................................694

Chapter 5: Looking to ImageReady . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .697

Firing Up ImageReady ........................................................................................697

Mapping Your Images .........................................................................................698

Rolling Over .........................................................................................................700

Getting Animated ................................................................................................701

Working with Layers ..........................................................................................703

Using Tables ........................................................................................................704

Book X: Photoshop and Print....................705

Chapter 1: Working with Other Programs .. . . . . . . . . . .707

Illustrator .............................................................................................................707

Moving images into Illustrator ................................................................708

Copying and pasting .................................................................................709

Exporting Photoshop paths ....................................................................709

Placing an Illustrator file into Photoshop ..............................................709

InDesign ...............................................................................................................709

PageMaker ...........................................................................................................710

Acrobat ................................................................................................................711

Placing a PDF into Photoshop .................................................................711

Opening PDF files ......................................................................................712

Saving files as Photoshop PDFs ..............................................................712

GoLive ..................................................................................................................713

Importing Web pages with GoLive ..........................................................713

Using sliced images with GoLive ............................................................713

Microsoft Word ...................................................................................................714

Microsoft PowerPoint ........................................................................................715

Premiere ..............................................................................................................716

Third-Party Plug-Ins ...........................................................................................717

Chapter 2: Prepping Graphics for Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .721

Getting the Right Resolution, Mode, and Format ...........................................721

Resolution and modes .............................................................................721

Screen frequencies ...................................................................................723

File formats ................................................................................................723

Working with a Service Bureau .........................................................................724

Getting the ball rolling .............................................................................724

Using a prepress checklist .......................................................................725

Saving and Printing Vector Data in a Raster File ............................................727

Using Photoshop to Rasterize and Print Unruly Vector Art .........................727

Choosing Color Management Print Options ...................................................728

Getting Four-Color Separations ........................................................................729

Getting laser separations .........................................................................730

Output options in the Print dialog box ..................................................732

Creating Spot Color Separations ......................................................................733

Creating a spot channel ...........................................................................733

Editing a spot channel ..............................................................................736

Chapter 3: Creating Contact Sheets, Picture Packages, and More . . . .737

Cataloging with Contact Sheets ........................................................................737

Understanding the benefits of Contact Sheet II ....................................738

Using Contact Sheet II ..............................................................................738

Pretty as a Picture Package ...............................................................................741

Using the Photomerge Command .....................................................................743

Creating PDF Presentations ...............................................................................746

Appendix A: Working with Digital Cameras and Scanners ........................749

Opening an Image from Your Digital Camera ..................................................749

Wires and cables: USB, FireWire, and IEEE-1394 ...................................749

Direct wireless connections ....................................................................750

Removable storage media .......................................................................750

Other media ...............................................................................................751

Transferring Images from Camera to Computer ............................................752

Making a direct connection .....................................................................752

Transferring from removable storage ....................................................753

Preparing to Scan ...............................................................................................754

Image Scanning Essentials .................................................................................755

Image scanning options ...........................................................................755

Scanning an image ....................................................................................756

Mastering the Controls ......................................................................................757

Cleaning Up Your Digital Image ........................................................................758

Appendix B: A Visual Reference of Photoshop Tools ...................................759

Selection Tools ....................................................................................................760

Path Tools ............................................................................................................761

Painting Tools .....................................................................................................762

Cloning and Retouching Tools ..........................................................................764

Type Tools ...........................................................................................................765

Focus and Toning Tools .....................................................................................766

Shape Tools .........................................................................................................767

Viewing, Navigating, Sampling, and Annotating Tools ..................................769

Web Tools ............................................................................................................770

Index ............................................................................775

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