Shangara Singh
See What You Can Achieve Full Color Throughout
More Than 300 Ways to Squeeze the Most from Photoshop!
 |
| Hacking Photoshop CS2 |
Shangara Singh has written and designed exam study aids for the Adobe Certified Expert
product proficiency exams for Adobe Photoshop and co-authored exam study aids for Adobe
Illustrator and Macromedia Dreamweaver (www.examaids.com). He regularly answers
Photoshop questions on various lists, forums, and from his Photoshop ACE Web site. He has
also served as technical editor for books on the use of Photoshop in Web site design and digital
photography. He brings his extensive experience as a director of photography, a lighting designer,
a photographer, and a Web and print designer to bear on all his visual work.
Introduction
Agreat number of people come to Photoshop to fix their images and end up being married
to it, doing a thesis on it or, at the very least, pulling out their hair and swearing
never to go near a computer ever again. Photoshop is a tough beast to tame by using
logic or clicking here, there, and everywhere in the hope of breaking it in, throwing a saddle on
it, and riding into the sunset.
Sadly, there is no magic spell for mastering or taming Photoshop. If there were, there would be
less need for books such as this one, Hacking Photoshop® CS2. No, the only sure formula that
seems to work involves learning the basics and then adding to your base knowledge some of the
secret handshakes known to the experts . . . and that’s the raison d’être of this book. It’s written
with the sole intention of imparting insider knowledge that will help you to understand what
Photoshop is capable of and help you speed up your workflow by revealing some of these
“secret handshakes.”
Whom This Book Is For
This book is for people who have a working knowledge of Photoshop and wish to expand
it exponentially. It delves into the nooks and crannies of the interface, the tools, commands,
filters, and their employment. It covers the different ways that a task can be performed in
Photoshop and invites you to make connections and to discover your own techniques for
solving problems. Although squarely aimed at Photoshop CS2 users, people using older versions
of Photoshop can make use of the majority of the hacks and tips contained in the book.
How This Book Is Organized
The book has 18 chapters full of “hacks”—tips, tricks, mods, and customizations designed to
help you get the most out of Photoshop.
Chapter 1, “Optimizing Performance”—This chapter deals with managing your
resources and squeezing the maximum performance out of Photoshop.
Chapter 2, “Hacking the Work Area”—This chapter is all about customizing your
entire work area and saving the changes for future use.
Chapter 3, “The Fine Art of Using Palettes”—This chapter provides insights into
Photoshop’s palettes, some of the secrets that they hold and ways for you to enhance your productivity.
Chapter 4, “Browsing with Bridge”—This chapter helps put Bridge’s viewing modes
and file-sifting capabilities to work for you.
Chapter 5, “Hacking Preferences and Documents”—The hacks in this chapter show
you how to handle Preferences and how to increase your productivity and streamline
your workflow when working with documents.
Chapter 6, “Working with Layers”—To work effectively in Photoshop, it pays to learn
as much about layers as you can. This chapter has the insights into creating, managing,
and editing layers that will help.
Chapter 7, “Creating and Applying Layer Styles”—This chapter discusses how you can
make the most of layer styles to create, save, apply and organize styles.
Chapter 8, “Hacking Layer Masks”—Layer masks are incredibly useful devices for hiding
underlying content without affecting the values of the pixels that make up the content,
and this chapter helps you wield that power.
Chapter 9, “Hacking Selection Masks”—With the techniques, hints, and tips included
in this chapter, you should be well armed for
creating selection masks for almost any image-editing assignment.
Chapter 10, “Drawing and Painting”—This chapter helps you to use the drawing tools
and related commands productively and ingeniously to draw and to paint.
Chapter 11, “Editing,Transforming, and Retouching Images”—This chapter is about
taking full advantage of the simple, everyday tasks (editing, transforming, and retouching
images) that form the backbone of most Photoshop work.
Chapter 12, “Adjusting and Correcting Colors”—Adjusting and correcting colors in
Photoshop is an art form, and this chapter gives you some of the ins and outs that can
help you master this fine art.
Chapter 13, “Creating and Editing Type”—Type attributes can now be changed in
Photoshop to such an extent that you very rarely have a need to use a page layout program
for every job that requires superimposed type. This chapter helps you take control over that power.
Chapter 14, “Hacking Camera Raw”—For something classed as a plug-in, Camera
Raw is a very deep application, and this chapter enables you to dig into its depths.
Chapter 15, “Automating Tasks”—Using actions to automate tasks is one key way to
optimize your use of Photoshop. This chapter shows you how.
Chapter 16,“Outputting to Print”—Outputting to print can be a tricky business. All
the hard work you put into color correcting, adjusting, and editing could turn into frustration
if your project doesn’t print out as expected. This chapter gives some precautions
that you can take to defend yourself and your creations as you get ready to print.
Chapter 17,“Outputting to the Web”—This chapter helps you grapple with some of
the limitations of outputting images to the Web.
Chapter 18, “Exploiting Filters and Photoshop Flexibility”—Compared to other
image editors on the market, Photoshop does not include too many auto commands or
walkthrough wizards. However, it makes up for it by giving the user the flexibility to perform
almost any task in numerous ways. The hacks discussed in this final chapter give an
indication of what is possible with this flexibility.
Appendix, “Troubleshooting”—This appendix includes some general and specific troubleshooting
advice to apply when dealing with Photoshop.
Conventions Used In This Book
Throughout the book, you’ll find four icons calling some text to your attention.
CAUTION Gives you valuable information that can help you avoid trouble.
Read all of these carefully.
CROSS-REFERENCE These are pointers to other areas in the book or on the
Internet where you can find more information on the subject at hand.
NOTE Notes contain information pertaining to items of interest related to the subject at hand.
TIP This icon recommends best-practice methods, techniques, or tools.
Companion Web Site
Finally, you can check out this book’s companion Web site at www.wiley.com/go/extremetech. Point your browser there and you’ll find links to Web sites that offer some
cool and useful things for the Photoshop user—tutorials, scripts, keyboard shortcuts, color
management, plug-ins, and so forth—as well as other great ExtremeTech titles.
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Product details
Price
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|---|---|
File Size
| 30,172 KB |
Pages
|
483 p |
File Type
|
PDF format |
ISBN-13
ISBN-10 | 978-0-7645-9788-6 0-7645-9788-4 |
Copyright
| 2005 by Wiley Publishing, Inc |
Contents at a Glance
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . vii
Chapter 1: Optimizing Performance . . . . . . . .. . . . 1
Chapter 2: Hacking the Work Area . . . . . . . .. . . . 19
Chapter 3: The Fine Art of Using Palettes. . . . . . . . . . 67
Chapter 4: Browsing with Bridge . . . . . . . . . 107
Chapter 5: Hacking Preferences and Documents. . . . . 123
Chapter 6:Working with Layers . . . . . . . . . . 137
Chapter 7: Creating and Applying Layer Styles . . . . .. 163
Chapter 8: Hacking Layer Masks. . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Chapter 9: Hacking Selection Masks . . . .. . . . . . . 189
Chapter 10: Drawing and Painting . . . . . . .. . . 211
Chapter 11: Editing,Transforming, and Retouching Images. . . . 237
Chapter 12: Adjusting and Correcting Colors . . . . . . . 283
Chapter 13: Creating and Editing Type . . . . . . . 311
Chapter 14: Hacking Camera Raw . . . . . . . 329
Chapter 15: Automating Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
Chapter 16: Outputting to Print . . . . . . . . . . 371
Chapter 17: Outputting to the Web . . . . .. . . . 397
Chapter 18: Exploiting Filters and Photoshop Flexibility . . . 413
Appendix: Troubleshooting . . . . .. . . . . . . 427
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
Table of Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Chapter 1: Optimizing Performance
Reducing Startup Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Disabling Plug-ins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Managing Fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Managing Presets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Managing Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Setting Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Cache Settings for Image Cache Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Pixel Doubling for Faster Screen Redraws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Reducing Overheads by Reducing Histories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Reducing Palette Thumbnail Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Do You Really Need That Snapshot? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
The RAM Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Assigning RAM for Optimal Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Assigning Scratch Disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Single Scratch Disks vs. RAID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
16-Bits/Channel vs. 8-Bits/Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Saving Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Saving Files in 16-Bits/Channel Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Saving Files in CMYK Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Reducing Layers and Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Maximizing File Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Faster Access When Switching Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Chapter 2: Hacking the Work Area
Dealing with Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Accessing Opened Documents in ImageReady. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Bringing a Document to the Forefront . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Closing All Open Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Finding the Location of the Currently Open Document. . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Opening and Saving with a Mouse Click (Windows) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Changing the Canvas Border Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Customizing the Checkerboard Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Lording Over the Rulers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Resetting the Zero Origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Specifying Ruler Units in the Document Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Using Guides and Grids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Moving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Clearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Hiding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Customizing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Smart Guides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Showing/Hiding Extras by Using Keyboard Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Viewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Viewing Actual Pixels, Not Interpolated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Alpha/Spot Channel Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Document Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Using an Action to View Full Screen Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Using Keyboard Shortcuts to View Full Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Using the Zoom Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Using the Hand Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Working on the Edges of a Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Multiple Views. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Scrolling and Zooming Multiple Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Tiling Multiple Windows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Colorizing and Hiding Menu Items for Easier Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Hiding Menu Items. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Managing the Palettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Regrouping and Docking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Reordering in the Palette Well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Hiding/Showing Quickly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Organizing Content in the Preset Palettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Changing the Location of the Options Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Entering Values in Text Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Increasing and Decreasing Values by Using Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Increasing and Decreasing Values by Scrubbing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Working with the Color Picker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Selecting a Color Picker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Choosing a Color Picker Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Selecting Colors from Libraries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Viewing a Color Gamut Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Working with Color Samplers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Creating, Moving, and Deleting Color Samplers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Hiding and Showing Color Samplers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Specifying Color Sampler Info Display Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Changing the Quick Mask Color Overlay Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Specifying Tool Cursors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Specifying Gamut Warning’s Overlay Color and Opacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Noting the Magic Wand Tool and Eyedropper Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Image Interpolation Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Setting the Default Image Interpolation Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Resetting Default Settings in Dialog Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Resetting All Warnings in Dialog Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Resetting Foreground and Background Colors to Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Customizing Keyboard Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Finding the Install Folder’s Location Quickly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Customizing and Saving Your Very Own Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Accessing Tutorials,Tips and Tricks from the Welcome Screen . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Chapter 3: The Fine Art of Using Palettes
Brushes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Preserving New Brush Presets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Previewing a Brush Stroke in Brush Presets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Rearranging Brushes in the Brushes Palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Showing the Pop-Up Brushes Palette Temporarily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Creating Alpha Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Creating Spot Channels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Saving Selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Combining Selections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Splitting and Merging Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Cycling through the Available Spectrums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Dynamic Color Sliders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Working in the Curves Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Customizing the Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Awakening the Input and Output Text Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Placing Anchor Points without Modifying the Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Cycling through the Anchor Points on a Curve (Mac OS). . . . . . . . . . . 79
Moving Anchor Points without Using the Mouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Selecting Anchor Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Deleting Anchor Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Creating Freeform Curves with the Arbitrary Map Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Using the Eyedroppers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Undoing Curve Moves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Histogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Evaluating Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Viewing Histograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Creating a New Snapshot Automatically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Allowing Nonlinear History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Showing New Snapshot Dialog Box Automatically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Making Layer Visibility Changes Undoable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Purging Histories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Info. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Locking and Unlocking Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Adding Color to Layer Tiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Specifying Palette Thumbnails, Icons, and Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Input Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Output Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Clipping Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Navigator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Swatches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Tool Presets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Defining a New Tool Preset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Sorting Saved Tool Presets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Chapter 4: Browsing with Bridge
Viewing from Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Launching Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Viewing Full, Compact, or Ultra-Compact Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Customizing Thumbnail Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Customizing and Saving Bridge Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Slideshow Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Managing Files with Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Applying Camera Raw Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Opening Files from Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Opening Raw Files in Bridge or Photoshop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Rating and Labeling Files for Easier Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Finding Files and Saving Searches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Creating and Applying Keywords to Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Appending and Replacing Metadata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Batch Renaming Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Viewing Quicker Previews from a CD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Deleting the Preferences File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Chapter 5: Hacking Preferences and Documents
Hacking Prefs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Restoring Prefs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Changing Scratch Disks and Plug-Ins at Launch Time . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Specifying Update Prefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Installing Plug-Ins into a Safe Folder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Hacking Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Specifying Default Resolution for New Preset Documents . . . . . . . . . . 126
Specifying Document Width in Columns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Matching New Document to Existing Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Finding the Center of a Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Duplicating Documents in ImageReady on the Fly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Comparing Documents for Differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Opening a Composite Version of a Layered Document. . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Adding Canvas Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Adding Text and Audio Annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Saving Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Failsafe Way of Including a Background Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Saving in Large Document Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Password Protecting Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Appending File Extensions Automatically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Saving Previews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Reverting an Accidentally Saved Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Removing Camera (EXIF) Metadata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Chapter 6: Working with Layers
Creating Layers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Above or Below Current Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Background Layer from a Normal Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Single Layer from Multiple Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Adjustment Layers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Groups from Multiple Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Smart Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Layer Comps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Managing Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Showing/Hiding Multiple Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Renaming Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Adding Color to Layer Tiles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Unlocking a Background Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Protecting Layer Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Selecting Layers and Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Selecting Layers Automatically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Moving Layers Up and Down the Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Linking Layers and Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Unlinking Single Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Editing Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Aligning and Distributing Layer Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Rasterizing Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Changing Fill and Opacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Copying and Pasting All Visible Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Merging Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Blending Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Cycling through the Layer Blend Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Using the Apply Image Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Using Blend If . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Excluding Channels when Blending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Importing and Exporting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Importing Layers from Another Document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Exporting Layers as Separate Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Chapter 7: Creating and Applying Layer Styles
Creating, Saving, and Organizing Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Applying, Clearing, and Converting Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Applying to Another Layer Quickly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Applying Same Style to Multiple Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Applying a Rollover Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Clearing and Hiding Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Converting Styles into Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Applying and Creating Custom Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Defining Default Global Light for All Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Moving and Repositioning Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Scaling Layer Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Chapter 8: Hacking Layer Masks
Creating, Viewing, and Applying Masks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Grayscale Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Vector Masks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Luminosity-Based Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Clipping Masks from Layer Transparency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Viewing Layer Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Viewing in the Document Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Applying Existing Masks to Other Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Editing and Modifying Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Using Painting Tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Contracting and Spreading Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Changing the Opacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Via Alpha Channel or Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Modifying Vector Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Transforming Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Importing Elements and Preserving Layer Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Chapter 9: Hacking Selection Masks
Creating and Saving Selection Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Creating Circles and Squares Using Marquee Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Color-Based Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Luminosity-Based Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Channel-Based Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Defining a Selection from an Exact Center Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Defining an Aspect Ratio for a Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Irregular Selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Selection from a Work Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Feathered Selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Saving a Selection with a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Modifying Selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Using Painting Tools and Filters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Warp Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Preventing Rounded Corners when Expanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Selection Mask Quick Hacks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Chapter 10: Drawing and Painting
Drawing Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Creating a Path from a Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Converting Individual Path Components to a Selection . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Avoiding Disappearing Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Creating Clipping Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Creating Compound Clipping Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Previewing How Closely Your Clipping Paths Fit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Moving,Transforming, and Stroking Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Moving Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Moving a Path in Tandem with Layer Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Combining Path Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Aligning and Distributing Paths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Transforming Clipping Paths to Fit Resized Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Stroking Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Stroking Paths with Gradients or Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Creating and Editing Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Combining Existing Shape Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Applying Gradients to Shape Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Drawing Arrow Heads and Tails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Painting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Brush Shape Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Creating Brush Tip Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Avoiding Jaggy-Edged Brush Strokes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Painting Dotted Straight Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Painting Quick Hacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Chapter 11: Editing, Transforming, and Retouching Images
Cropping, Rotating, and Positioning Layer Content. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Crop Tool Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Defining the Crop from the Center of a Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Preventing the Crop Tool from Snapping to the Edge . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Using the Rectangular Marquee and Trim to Crop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Cropping and Straightening Photos Automatically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Straightening Crooked Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Rotating Layer Content Incrementally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Matching the Rotation of Two Scans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Aligning and Distributing Content on Multiple Layers . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Centering Layer Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Revealing and Deleting Hidden Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Extracting Image Content from Backgrounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
The Eraser Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
The Magic Eraser Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
The Background Eraser Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
The Extract Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Transforming Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Resizing and Resampling Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Correcting Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Warping Layer Content Using Nodal Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Correcting Distortion Caused by a Taking Lens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Retouching Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Filling in Dust Spots and Scratch Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Reducing Color and Luminosity Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Dodging and Burning Nondestructively. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Smoothing Skin Tones and Wrinkles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Correcting Unwanted Highlights on Faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Sharpening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Using Unsharp Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Using Smart Sharpen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
A Flexible Method for Sharpening Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
An Alternative Method for Sharpening Images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Chapter 12: Adjusting and Correcting Colors
Using Profiles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Color Settings and Working Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Creating Custom CMYK Separation Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Checking Files for Embedded Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
Viewing Gamut Warnings for Custom Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Removing Colorcasts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Three Ways to Correct a Colorcast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Using Auto Color Manually . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Correcting Images Exposed under Wrong Light Source . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Saturating and Desaturating Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Saturating Colors Selectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Ten Ways of Desaturating an Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Replacing and Matching Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Replacing Selected Colors in an Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Selectively Turning Elements to Black and White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Applying a Multitone Effect to an Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
Matching Color between Two Images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Color Adjusting Quick Hacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Chapter 13: Creating and Editing Type
Creating Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Specifying Paragraph Type Bounding Box Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
Exiting Type Mode Gracefully . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Typing on a Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
Enclosing Type Inside a Custom Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Editing and Modifying Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Changing Type Attributes across Multiple Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Editing Type Using Keyboard Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Kerning and Tracking Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Increasing and Decreasing Leading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
Converting a Font to a Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Applying Filters to Vector Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Restoring Rotated Type Back to Horizontal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
Inserting a Picture into Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322
Centering Type on a Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Applying Roman Hanging Punctuation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Creating Grungy Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Type-Related Quick Hacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Chapter 14: Hacking Camera Raw
Using the Camera Raw Dialog Box Effectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
Camera Raw Preferences and Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Managing Caches and Sidecar Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Opening and Saving Raw Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Using Image Processor to Batch Process Raw Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Camera Raw Quick Hacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Chapter 15: Automating Tasks
Creating, Saving, and Playing Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
Creating an Action. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Including a Safety Net in a New Action. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
An Action for All Image Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
Including Conditionals (ImageReady). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
Converting History Steps into Action Steps (ImageReady) . . . . . . . . . 357
Creating Unconventional Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Saving Custom Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Saving Actions as Droplets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
Saving Actions as Text Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Playing Back Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Playing Actions in Button Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
Playing Automatically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
Using Actions in Batch Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364
Actions versus Scripting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Editing and Managing Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
Changing Recorded Values and Adding Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
Editing Droplets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
Furling/Unfurling Actions the Easy Way . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Chapter 16: Outputting to Print
Preparing Images for Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
Soft Proofing Images in Photoshop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
Sharpening Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
Setting the Shadow and Highlight End Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Avoiding Posterization and Banding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
Printing Vector Data at Printer Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378
Four-Color Grayscale Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
Using Spot Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
Using a PDF/X Standard Workflow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
Rotating Images—a Ripping Question . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Printing from Photoshop. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Print with Preview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Printing Multiple Images on a Single Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
Printing Selected Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
Printing a Folder Full of Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393
Printing Quick Hacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396
Chapter 17: Outputting to the Web
Editing and Preparing Images for the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
Taking the Guesswork Out of Resizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
Creating Irregular Shaped Image Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
In-Betweening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
Copying Hexadecimal Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
Blending GIFs into Backgrounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402
Applying Weighted Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404
Creating Galleries and QuickTime Movies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
Web Photo Galleries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
Flash Photo Galleries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
QuickTime Movies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
Outputting to the Web Quick Hacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
Chapter 18: Exploiting Filters and Photoshop Flexibility
Hacking Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
Applying RGB Filters to CMYK Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414
Reapplying Filter Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
Filtering a Layer Nondestructively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
Placing a Lens Flare Precisely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416
Creating Seamless Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
Working with the Lighting Effects Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
The Smart Way to Find Edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
Taking Advantage of Photoshop Flexibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
Creating Printable Grids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
Creating Space Age Grids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421
Creating a Grayscale Step Wedge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
Creating Backgrounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424
Creating Fancy Photo Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426
Appendix: Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
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